Naval/Maritime History 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

26th of August

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History Events on 26 August 1652 - Battle of Plymouth The Battle of Plymouth was a naval battle in the First Anglo-Dutch War. It took place on 16 August 1652 (26 August 1652 (Gregorian calendar))[a] and was a short battle, but had the...

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1652 - Battle of Plymouth
The Battle of Plymouth was a naval battle in the First Anglo-Dutch War. It took place on 16 August 1652 (26 August 1652 (Gregorian calendar))[a] and was a short battle, but had the unexpected outcome of a Dutch victory over England. General-at-Sea George Ayscue of the Commonwealth of Englandattacked an outward bound convoy of the Dutch Republic commanded by Vice-Commodore Michiel de Ruyter. The two commanders had been personal friends before the war. The Dutch were able to force Ayscue to break off the engagement, and the Dutch convoy sailed safely to the Atlantic while Ayscue sailed to Plymouth for repairs.



1767 - Launch of HMS Marlboro (1767 - 74)
HMS Marlborough was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 26 August 1767 at Deptford. She was one of the Ramilliesclass built to update the Navy and replace ships lost following the Seven Years' War. She was first commissioned in 1771 under Captain Richard Bickerton as a guard ship for the Medway and saw active service in the American Revolutionary War and on the Glorious First of June. At the battle of the First of June Marlborough suffered heavy damage apparently as a result of her white ensign being mistaken for the French ensign.


1791 – John Fitch is granted a United States patent for the steamboat.
Fitch was granted a U.S. patent on August 26, 1791, after a battle with James Rumsey, who had also invented a steam-powered boat. The newly created federal Patent Commission did not award the broad monopoly patent that Fitch had asked for, but rather a patent of the modern kind, for the new design of Fitch's steamboat. It also awarded steam-engine-related patents dated that same day to Rumsey, Nathan Read, and John Stevens. The loss of a monopoly due to these same-day patent awards led many of Fitch's investors to leave his company. While his boats were mechanically successful, Fitch no longer had the financial resources to carry on.

Model of the "Perseverance (steam locomotive)," Deutsches Technikmuseum Berlin, Germany.


1808 - HMS Implacable (74), Cptn. Thomas Byam Martin, and HMS Centaur (74), Cptn. W. H. Webley, captured Russian Vsevelod (74), Cptn. Roodneff, which was subsequently set on fire as it had run too firmly aground.
The Russian ship Vsevolod (1796) (also Vsewolod; Russian: Всеволод) was a 74-gun ship of the line launched in 1796. She served in the North Sea and the Baltic until the British 74-gun third rates Implacable and Centaur destroyed her in 1808 during the Anglo-Russian War (1807-1812).
On 24 August Vsevolod, under Captain Rudno (or Rudnew or Roodneff) exchanged fire with Implacable, with the Russian suffering heavy casualties before running aground. During this exchange three nearby Russian ships failed to render assistance. Vsevolod hauled down her colors, but Hood recalled Implacable because the Russian fleet was approaching. During the fight Implacable lost six men killed and twenty-six wounded, including two who did not recover and three who had limbs amputated.; Vsevolod lost some 48 dead and 80 wounded.

Vsevolod burning, after the action with the Implacableand Centaur, destroyed in the presence of the Russian Fleet near Rogerwick bay on 26 August 1808.


1859 - The Novara-Expedition, he first large-scale scientific, around-the-world mission of the Austrian Imperial navy is returning to Triest
Authorized by Archduke Maximillian, the journey lasted 2 years 3 months, from 30 April 1857 until 30 August 1859.



1865 - American Civil War ends with Naval strength over 58,500 men and 600 ships

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

27th of August

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History Events on 26 August 1652 - Battle of Plymouth The Battle of Plymouth was a naval battle in the First Anglo-Dutch War. It took place on 16 August 1652 (26 August 1652 (Gregorian calendar))[a] and was a short battle, but had the...

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1797 - HMS Jason (1794 - 38 - Artois-class) and HMS Triton (1796 - 32 - ), Cptn. John Gore, captured part of a French convoy
HMS Jason was a 38-gun Artois-class fifth rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She served during the French Revolutionary Wars, but her career came to an end after just four years in service when she struck an uncharted rock off Brest and sank on 13 October 1798. She had already had an eventful career, and was involved in several engagements with French vessels.

Scale: 1:48. A Georgian full hull model of the ‘Triton’ (1796), a 32-gun frigate.


1814 – HMS Avon, a Cruizer-class brig-sloop launched in 1805, captured by USS Wasp, abandoned and sunk
The Sinking of HMS Avon was a single ship action fought during the War of 1812. In the battle, the ship-rigged sloop of war USS Wasp forced the Cruizer-class brig-sloop HMS Avon to surrender. The Americans could not take possession of the prize as other British brig-sloops appeared and prepared to engage. Avon sank shortly after the battle.

Caption: The Wasp and Reindeer. Engraving by Abel Bowen, from "The Naval Monument."


1816 - The Bombardment of Algiers
was an attempt by Britain and the Netherlands to end the slavery practices of Omar Agha, the Dey of Algiers. An Anglo-Dutch fleet under the command of Admiral Lord Exmouth bombarded ships and the harbour defences of Algiers.

Bombardment of Algiers, 1823, by Martinus Schouman.


1824 – Launch of french Suffren, a 90 gun ship oft he line and lead ship of her class
The Suffren was a 90-gun Ship of the line of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. She was the third ship in French service named in honour of Pierre André de Suffren de Saint Tropez.

1/20th scale model on display at the Musée national de la Marine

Straight walls of an arsenal model of Suffren, with the lower long 30-pounder battery, the upper short 30-pounder battery, and the 30-pounder carronadeson the deck


1893 - Columbian Naval Review in harbour of New York

This is a print of the 1893 International Naval Rendezvous that is currently on display in the museum's Steel Navy gallery. Local lithographer and book publisher Sam W. Bowman produced this elaborate and highly detailed image depicting the thirty-seven ships from around the world at anchor in Hampton Roads. Bowman published over 4,000 of the prints and many still survive today.


1896 - Anglo-Zanzibar War: The shortest war in world history (45 minutes from 09:00 to 09:45), between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar.
The Anglo-Zanzibar War was a military conflict fought between the United Kingdom and the Zanzibar Sultanate on 27 August 1896. The conflict lasted between 38 and 45 minutes, marking it as the shortest recorded war in history. The immediate cause of the war was the death of the pro-British Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini on 25 August 1896 and the subsequent succession of Sultan Khalid bin Barghash. The British authorities preferred Hamud bin Muhammed, who was more favourable to British interests, as sultan. In accordance with a treaty signed in 1886, a condition for accession to the sultanate was that the candidate obtain the permission of the British consul, and Khalid had not fulfilled this requirement. The British considered this a casus belli and sent an ultimatum to Khalid demanding that he order his forces to stand down and leave the palace. In response, Khalid called up his palace guard and barricaded himself inside the palace.
At 08:00 on the morning of 27 August, after a messenger sent by Khalid requested parley from Cave, the consul replied that he would only have salvation if he agreed to the terms of the ultimatum. At 08:30 a further messenger from Khalid declared that "We have no intention of hauling down our flag and we do not believe you would open fire on us"; Cave replied that "We do not want to open fire, but unless you do as you are told we shall certainly do so." At 08:55, having received no further word from the palace, aboard St George Rawson hoisted the signal "prepare for action".

British cruiser HMS St George of 1892.


1896 - His Highness' Ship HHS Glasgow sunk by british forces in Zanzibar
His Highness' Ship HHS Glasgow was a royal yacht belonging to the Sultan of Zanzibar. She was built in the style of the British frigate HMS Glasgow which had visited the Sultan in 1873. Glasgow cost the Sultan £32,735 and contained several luxury features but failed to impress the Sultan and she lay at anchor in harbour at Zanzibar Town for much of her career. The vessel was brought out of semi-retirement on 25 August 1896 when she participated in the Anglo-Zanzibar War and was soon sunk by a flotilla of British warships. Glasgow's wreck remained in the harbour, her three masts and funnel projecting from the water, until 1912 when she was broken up for scrap.

The HHS Glasgow, taken near Zanzibar. Caption given as "The Sultan's guardship before the Bombardement".


1931 - The Flugschiff ("flying ship") Dornier Do X reached after a monthly journey the harbour of New York City.
The Dornier Do X was the largest, heaviest, and most powerful flying boat in the world when it was produced by the Dornier company of Germany in 1929. First conceived by Dr. Claude Dornier in 1924, planning started in late 1925 and after over 240,000 work-hours it was completed in June 1929.

1942 - Launch of USS Iowa (BB 61)
USS Iowa (BB-61) is the lead ship of her class of battleship and the fourth in the United States Navy to be named after the state of Iowa. Owing to the cancellation of the Montana-class battleships, Iowa is the last lead ship of any class of United States battleships and was the only ship of her class to have served in the Atlantic Ocean during World War II.

Iowa fires a full broadside of nine 16-inch (406 mm)/50-caliber and six 5-inch (127 mm)/38 cal guns during a target exercise near Vieques Island, Puerto Rico, on 1 July 1984. Shock waves are visible in the water.

 

[mikegr]

The Battle of Gerontas (Ναυμαχία του Γέροντα) was a naval battle fought close to the island of Leros in the southeast Aegean Sea. On August 29 1824, a Greek fleet of 75 ships defeated an Ottoman armada of 100 ships contributed to by Egypt, Tunisia and Tripoli. The Battle of Gerontas was one of the most decisive naval engagements of the Greek War of Independence and secured the island of Samos under Greek control.
After the battle off Kos island 24 August 1824, the Greek detachment of 15 ships was anchored in the Gerontas bay, while the rest of fleet was drifting further in open sea because of the lack of wind. At the morning 29th Ausust, 1824, the 86 warships of Ottoman and Egyptian flotilia has detected the Greek fleet and proceed with pincer movement, using advantageous winds. The Greek fleet in bay has resorted to towing their ships by lifeboats to reach the more advantageous position for fighting. The wave of Greek branders has disorganized Ottoman lines sufficiently for all Greek ships to escape from Gerontas bay. Later wind shift has put Greek fleet in advantage, allowing 2nd attack by branders. One of these branders has burned the Tunisian flotilia flagship. Because the Greek branders have selectively targeted the enemy flagships, the Ottoman commanders panicked and ordered their ships to leave the battle lines, leading to confusion and unorganized retreat of the Ottoman forces.Greek forces lost 2 ships, Ottoman lost at least 30.


Plan of a typical Greek fire ship with the escape boat. This kind of ship used widely and effectively against big units of Ottoman Navy during the Revolution for Independence

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

28th of August

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History Events on 26 August 1652 - Battle of Plymouth The Battle of Plymouth was a naval battle in the First Anglo-Dutch War. It took place on 16 August 1652 (26 August 1652 (Gregorian calendar))[a] and was a short battle, but had the...

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1597 - The naval Battle of Chilcheollyang
took place in the night of 28 August 1597. It resulted in the destruction of nearly the entire Korean fleet.

The famous korean Turtle ships


1652 - The naval Battle of Elba (or Battle of Monte Cristo)
was a naval battle which took place on 28 August 1652 during the First Anglo-Dutch war, between a Dutch squadron under Johan van Galen and an English squadron under Captain Richard Badiley.

1760 - Launch of HMS Essex
HMS Essex was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 28 August 1760 at Rotherhithe, designed for the Royal Navy by Sir Thomas Slade. She was on harbour service from 1777, and was sold out of the service in 1799.

1779 - Launch of HMS Montague
HMS Montague was a Alfred-class 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 28 August 1779 at Chatham Dockyard.

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the starboard framing profile (disposition) for 'Montague' (1779), a 74-gun Third Rate, two-decker, illustrating the repairs to the frames replacing the rotten wood, and other timbers damaged by being loose and shot.

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the body plan with stern board decoration, sheer lines with inboard detail and figurehead, and longitudinal half-breadth for 'Montague' (1779),

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

29th of August

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History Events on 26 August 1652 - Battle of Plymouth The Battle of Plymouth was a naval battle in the First Anglo-Dutch War. It took place on 16 August 1652 (26 August 1652 (Gregorian calendar))[a] and was a short battle, but had the...

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1350 – Battle of Winchelsea (or Les Espagnols sur Mer): The English naval fleet under King Edward III defeats a Castilian fleet of 40 ships.
The Battle of Winchelsea or the Battle of Les Espagnols sur Mer ("the Spaniards on the Sea"), was a naval battle that took place on 29 August 1350 and was a victory for an English fleet of 50 ships commanded by King Edward III over a Castilian fleet of 47 larger vessels commanded by Don Carlos de la Cerda. Between 14 and 26 Castilian ships were captured, and several were sunk. Only two English vessels were sunk but there was significant loss of life.
In spite of Edward's success, however, Winchelsea was only a flash in a conflict that raged between the English and the Spanish for over 200 years, coming to a head with the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588.


1778 - Battle of Rhode Island
The Battle of Rhode Island (also known as the Battle of Quaker Hill[5] and the Battle of Newport) took place on August 29, 1778. Continental Army and militia forces under the command of General John Sullivan had been besieging the British forces in Newport, Rhode Island, which is situated on Aquidneck Island, but they had finally abandoned their siege and were withdrawing to the northern part of the island. The British forces then sortied, supported by recently arrived Royal Navy ships, and they attacked the retreating Americans. The battle ended inconclusively, but the Continental forces withdrew to the mainland and left Aquidneck Island in British hands.

Entry of the French squadron in Newport Bay Aug. 8, 1778. (Drawing by Pierre Ozanne, 1778)


1782 HMS Royal George (1756 - 100) while heeled at Spithead off Portsmouth to repair the coppering with the lower deck guns run out, was struck by a sudden and violent squall which threw her over so much that water rushed in the open ports. She filled and sank killing Rear-Admiral Richard Kempenfelt and about 900 crew.

Sinking of Royal George


1861 – American Civil War: The Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries gives Federal forces control of Pamlico Sound.
The Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries (August 28–29, 1861) was the first combined operation of the Union Army and Navy in the American Civil War, resulting in Union domination of the strategically important North Carolina Sounds.

1916 - High waves force armored cruiser USS Memphis (ex USS Tennessee) aground at Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, killing 33 men. Lt. Claud A. Jones rescues crewmen from the dying ship's steam-filled engineering spaces. Years later, in Aug. 1932, Jones receives the Medal of Honor for his actions.

The wreck of Memphis at Santo Domingo on 29 August 1916

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

30th of August

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History Events on 26 August 1652 - Battle of Plymouth The Battle of Plymouth was a naval battle in the First Anglo-Dutch War. It took place on 16 August 1652 (26 August 1652 (Gregorian calendar))[a] and was a short battle, but had the...

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1757 – Launch of HMS Diana, a 32 gun Southampton class Fifth rate frigate
HMS Diana was one of the four 32-gun Southampton-class fifth-rate frigates of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1757. In 1760, at the Battle of Neuville she and HMS Vanguard pursued and sank two French frigates, Atlante, commanded by Jean Vauquelin, and Pomone; Diana took on board the important prisoners. Later, she served through the American Revolutionary War.

1777 – Launch of French La Sibylle, a 32 gun Sibylle-class frigate
The ‘Sibylle’ was a 32-gun fifth rate frigate launched on 1st September 1777 at Brest. She was designed and built for the French Navy by Jacques-Noel Sane in Brest, Brittany. Armament with 26 x 12-pounder and 6 x 6-pounder guns. She was captured by HMS ‘Centurion’ on 22nd February 1783. She was paid off and broken up in London in 1784.

'Start of the action between HMS Magicienne and La Sibylle, 2 January 1783'.


1791 – HMS Pandora (1779 - 24 - Porcupine-class post ship) sinks after having run aground on the outer Great Barrier Reef the previous day.
HMS Pandora was a 24-gun Porcupine-class sixth-rate post ship of the Royal Navy launched in May 1779. She is best known as the ship sent in 1790 to search for the Bounty mutineers. The Pandora was partially successful by capturing 14 of the mutineers, but was wrecked on the Great Barrier Reef on the return voyage in 1791. The Pandora is considered to be one of the most significant shipwrecks in the Southern Hemisphere.

The sinking of the HMS Pandora on August 30, 1791. This painting was based on a watercolor by Peter Heywood, a Bounty prisoner who survived the wreck.

A beautiful scratch built model in scale 1:36 of the HMS Pandora was built by the hungarian modeler Gémes Attila

http://www.shipmodell.com/index_files/SHIPMODELL_PANDORA.htm


1799 – The entire Dutch fleet surrendered to the British navy under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby and Admiral Sir Charles Mitchell during the War of the Second Coalition.
In the Vlieter incident on 30 August 1799, a squadron of the Batavian Navy, commanded by Rear-Admiral Samuel Story, surrendered to the British navy. The incident occurred during the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland. It took place in the tidal trench between Texel and the mainland that was known as De Vlieter, near Wieringen.

Surrender of Samuel Story's Dutch Texel squadron to a British-Russian fleet under Andrew Mitchell, 30th of August 1799 in the Vlieter.


1791 – Launch of French Sibylle, a 38 gun Hebe-class frigate, later HMS Sybille
Sibylle was a 38-gun Hébé-class frigate of the French Navy. She was launched in 1791 at the dockyards in Toulon and placed in service in 1792. After the 50-gun fourth rate HMS Romney captured her in 1794, the British took her into service as HMS Sybille. She served in the Royal Navy until disposed of in 1833. While in British service Sybille participated in three notable single ship actions, in each case capturing a French vessel. On anti-slavery duties off West Africa from July 1827 to June 1830, Sybille captured numerous slavers and freed some 3,500 slaves. She was finally sold in 1833 in Portsmouth.

Robert Cleveley (Deptford 1747-1809 Dover) H.M.S. Romney capturing the French 44-gun Sybille and three merchantmen in the roads off Mykonos, Greece,


1948 - HMS Worcester foundered at river Thames
HMS Frederick William was an 86-gun screw-propelled first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy.

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

31st of August

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 30 August 1777 – Launch of French La Sibylle, a 32 gun Sibylle-class frigate The ‘Sibylle’ was a 32-gun fifth rate frigate launched on 1st September 1777 at Brest. She was designed and built for the French Navy by Jacques-Noel Sane in...

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1591 - The Battle of Flores - (galleon Revenge sinking)
was a naval engagement of the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585 fought off the Island of Flores between an English fleet of 22 ships under Lord Thomas Howard and a Spanish fleet of 55 ships under Alonso de Bazán. Sent to the Azores to capture the annual Spanish treasure convoy, when a stronger Spanish fleet appeared off Flores, Howard ordered his ships to flee to the north, saving all of them except the galleon Revenge commanded by Admiral Sir Richard Grenville.

1772 - Launch of HMS Prince George, a 90 gun Barfleur-class Ship of the Line
HMS Prince George was a 90-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 31 August 1772 at Chatham. During her career, she was upgraded to a 98-gun ship, through the addition of eight 12 pdr guns to her quarterdeck.

Scale 1:48. Plan showing the body plan, sheer lines, and longitudinal half-breadth for 'Barfleur' (1768), and later for 'Prince George' (1772), 'Princess Royal' (1773) and 'Formidable' (1777), all 90-gun Second Rate, three-deckers.


1799 – Launch of French Chiffone, a 38 gun Heureuse-class frigate
Chiffonne was a 38-gun Heureuse-class frigate of the French Navy. She was built at Nantes and launched in 1799. The British Royal Navy captured her in 1801. In 1809 she participated in a campaign against pirates in the Persian Gulf. She was sold for breaking up in 1814. (38-gun design by Pierre Degay, with 26 x 12-pounder and 12 x 6-pounder guns).

1810 – Launch of HMS Galatea, a 36 gun Apollo-class frigate
HMS Galatea was an Apollo-class fifth rate of the Royal Navy. The frigate was built at Deptford Dockyard, London, England and launched on 31 August 1810. In 1811 she participated in the Battle of Tamatave, which battle confirmed British dominance of the seas east of the Cape of Good Hope for the rest of the Napoleonic Wars. She was hulked in 1836 and broken up in 1849.

1986 – The Soviet passenger liner SS Admiral Nakhimov sinks in the Black Sea after colliding with the bulk carrier Pyotr Vasev, killing 423.
SS Admiral Nakhimov (Russian: Адмирал Нахимов), launched in March 1925 and originally named SS Berlin, was a passenger liner of the German Weimar Republic later converted to a hospital ship, then a Soviet passenger ship. On 31 August 1986, Admiral Nakhimov collided with the large bulk carrier Pyotr Vasev in the Tsemes Bay, near the port of Novorossiysk, Russian SFSR, and quickly sank. In total, 423 of the 1,234 people on board died.

SS Admiral Nakhimov sailing under her original name, Berlin, in 1925.

Admiral Nakhimov docked in Novorossiysk, August 31, 1986. She would sink later that day.

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

1st of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 30 August 1777 – Launch of French La Sibylle, a 32 gun Sibylle-class frigate The ‘Sibylle’ was a 32-gun fifth rate frigate launched on 1st September 1777 at Brest. She was designed and built for the French Navy by Jacques-Noel Sane in...

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1557 – Death of Jacques Cartier, French navigator and explorer (b. 1491)
Jacques Cartier (December 31, 1491 – September 1, 1557) was a Breton explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas", after the Iroquois names for the two big settlements he saw at Stadacona (Quebec City) and at Hochelaga (Montreal Island)



1752 – Launch of French Heros, a 74 gun ship
The Héros ("hero") was a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, built by Joseph Chapelle at Brest and launched in 1752
In 1755, the Héros, under captain de Kermabon, took part in the Canadian campaign in the Bullion de Montlouet squadron.
She was wrecked off le Croisic and scuttled at the Battle of Quiberon Bay, the 21 September 1759.

The French Soleil Royal and Héros are in flames on the right, in the foreground HMS Resolution lies wrecked on her starboard side. In front of her is HMS Essex, with other members of the British fleet at anchor in the background. The captured French Formidable is attended by a British frigate on the left of the picture.


1777 – Launch of French 32 gun Sibylle, a Sibylle-class frigate
The Sibylle class was a class of five 32-gun sail frigates designed by Jacques-Noël Sané and built for the French Navy in the late 1770s. They carried 26 x 12-pounder guns on the upper deck and 6 x 8-pounder guns on the forecastle and quarter deck.

start of the action between HMS Magicienne and La Sibylle, 2 January 1783.


1800 - During the Quasi-War with France, the schooner, USS Experiment, commanded by Lt. Charles Stewart, captures the French privateer Deux Amix off Barbuda, West Indies.
USS Experiment was a schooner in the United States Navy during the Quasi-War with France.
Experiment was built in 1799 at Baltimore, Maryland; and first put to sea late in November 1799, Lieutenant W. Maley in command.
Experiment joined the squadron commanded by Captain Silas Talbot on the Santo Domingo station, and for seven months, cruised against French privateers in the Caribbean, taking a number of valuable prizes. On 1 January 1800, while becalmed in the Bight of Leogane with a convoy of four merchantmen, Experiment was attacked by 11 armed pirate boats, manned by about four or five hundred buccaneers. In the seven hours of fighting that followed, the pirates boarded one of the merchantmen, killing her captain, and towed off two other ships of the convoy after their crews had abandoned them. But Experiment sank two of the attacking craft, and killed and wounded many of the pirates, suffering only one man wounded.

A depiction of Experiments fight with Picaroons in the Action of 1 January 1800.


1814 - The sloop-of-war, USS Wasp, commanded by Johnston Blakely, sinks the British brig sloop, HMS Avon, south of Ireland.
The Sinking of HMS Avon was a single ship action fought during the War of 1812, and took place on 1 September 1814. In the battle, the ship-rigged sloop of war USS Wasp forced the Cruizer-class brig-sloop HMS Avon to surrender. The Americans could not take possession of the prize as other British brig-sloops appeared and prepared to engage. Avon sank shortly after the battle.

Engraving of the battle by Abel Bowen


1911 – The armored cruiser Georgios Averof is commissioned into the Greek Navy. It now serves as a museum ship.
Georgios Averof is a modified Pisa-class armored cruiser built in Italy for the Royal Hellenic Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The ship served as the Greek flagship during most of the first half of the century. Although popularly known as a battleship in Greek, she is in fact an armored cruiser (θωρακισμένο καταδρομικό), the only ship of this type still in existence.

1939 Battle of the Danzig Bay
The Battle of Danzig Bay (Polish: bitwa w Zatoce Gdańskiej) took place on 1 September 1939, at the beginning of the invasion of Poland, when Polish Navy warships were attacked by German Luftwaffe aircraft in Gdańsk Bay (then Danzig Bay). It was the first naval-air battle of World War II.

Schleswig Holstein feuert auf die Westerplatte(Foto vom 1. September 1939)


1985 – A joint American–French expedition locates the wreckage of the RMS Titanic.
The wreck of the RMS Titanic lies at a depth of about 12,500 feet (3.8 km; 2.37 mi), about 370 miles (600 km) south-southeast off the coast of Newfoundland. It lies in two main pieces about a third of a mile (600 m) apart. The bow is still largely recognizable with many preserved interiors, despite its deterioration and the damage it sustained hitting the sea floor. In contrast, the stern is completely ruined. A debris field around the wreck contains hundreds of thousands of items spilled from the ship as she sank. The bodies of the passengers and crew would have also been distributed across the sea bed, but have been consumed by other organisms.

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

2nd of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 30 August 1777 – Launch of French La Sibylle, a 32 gun Sibylle-class frigate The ‘Sibylle’ was a 32-gun fifth rate frigate launched on 1st September 1777 at Brest. She was designed and built for the French Navy by Jacques-Noel Sane in...

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31 BC – Final War of the Roman Republic: Battle of Actium: Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra.
The Battle of Actium was the decisive confrontation of the Final War of the Roman Republic, a naval engagement between Octavian and the combined forces of Mark Antony and Cleopatra on 2 September 31 BC, on the Ionian Sea near the promontory of Actium, in the Roman province of Epirus Vetus in Greece. Octavian's fleet was commanded by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, while Antony's fleet was supported by the power of Queen Cleopatra of Ptolemaic Egypt.

A baroque painting of the battle of Actium by Laureys a Castro, 1672. National Maritime Museum, UK.


1759 - The naval Battle of Pondicherry. Indecisive battle between a British squadron under Vice-Admiral George Pocock and French squadron under Comte d'Aché.


1773 – Launch of HMS Fox, a 28 gun Enterprise frigate
HMS Fox was a 28-gun Enterprise-class sixth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. Fox was first commissioned in October 1775 under the command of Captain Patrick Fotheringham. The Americans captured her in June 1777, only to have the British recapture her about a month later. The French then captured her a little less than a year after that, only to lose her to grounding in 1779, some six months later.

Scale 1:48. Plan showing the body plan, sheer lines and longitudinal half breadth as proposed and approved for building Siren [Syren] (1773) and Fox (1773), and later for building Enterprize (1773)

Le 11 septembre 1778, au large d'Ouessant, la frégate de 32 canons la Junon commandée la frégate anglaise de 28 canons HMS Fox. Après quelques heures de combat le HMS Fox, démâté, cesse de tirer. La Junon le remorque jusqu'à Brest.
The capture of HMS Fox by the French frigate Junon


1777 - The frigate USS Raleigh, commanded by Thomas Thompson, captures the British brig, HMS Nancy, while en route to France to purchase military stores.
USS Raleigh, a 32 gun Hancock class frigate was one of thirteen ships that the Continental Congress authorized for the Continental Navy in 1775. Following her capture in 1778, she served in the Royal Navy as HBMS Raleigh.

Scale 1:48. A plan showing the body plan, stern board with decoration detail, sheer lines with inboard detail and figurehead, longitudinal half breadth for Raleigh (1778), a captured American Frigate, as taken off at Plymouth Dockyard in July 1779, prior to fitting as a 32-gun, Fifth Rate Frigate. Reverse: j6611. Scale 1:96: Quater deck and forecastle, upperdeck, lower deck, fore & aft platforms.

Model of the USS Raleigh in the U.S. Navy Museum


1787 – Launch of French ship Duquesne, a 74 gun Temeraire class
Duquesne was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. She was captured by the British in 1803, and broken up in 1805.

Gaspar Vence on Duquesne reaches Toulon with a convoy of food and drives three British ships away, 2 April 1794


1807 – Launch of French ship Hautpoult, a 74 gun Temeraire class
French service
On 16 February 1809 Captain Amand Leduc, Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur, commanded Hautpoult on her maiden voyage, a mission to Martiniquewith reinforcements and supplies, as flagship of a squadron of three 74-gun ships. (The others vessels were Courageux and Polonais), and two frigates, under the overall command of Commodore Amable Troude.) Learning of the capture of Martinique, Troude's squadron turned back but were pursued by the British.

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the body plan, stern board outline with some detail, sheeer lines with inboard detail, and longitudinal half-breadth for Abercrombie (1809), a captured French Third Rate, as taken off at Portsmouth after having defects rectified.


1866 - Brazilian ironclad Rio de Janeiro hit two mines on 2 September and rapidly sank, taking 53 of her crew with her.
The Brazilian ironclad Rio de Janeiro was an armored gunboat (Portuguese: Canhoneira Couraçada Nr. 3) built for the Brazilian Navy during the Paraguayan War in the mid-1860s. Like the other two gunboats she was built in Brazil and was designed as a casemate ironclad. Commissioned in April 1866, the ship did not enter combat until September, when she bombarded Paraguayan fortifications at Curuzu. Rio de Janeiro hit two mines on 2 September and rapidly sank, taking 53 of her crew with her.

1945 - The Japanese Instrument of Surrender
was the written agreement that formalized the surrender of the Empire of Japan, marking the end of World War II. It was signed by representatives from the Empire of Japan, the United States of America, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of Canada, the Provisional Government of the French Republic, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and the Dominion of New Zealand. The signing took place on the deck of USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945.

Representatives of the Empire of Japan stand aboard USS Missouri prior to signing of the Instrument of Surrender.

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

3rd of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 3 September HMS Coronation (1685 - 90) and HMS Harwich (1674 - 70) sank in a storm whilst attempting to get into Plymouth Sound, appr. 1.000 of their crews drowned Summer 1691. England was at war with her old enemy France, and the...

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1658 – The death of Oliver Cromwell; Richard Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England.
Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658) was an English military and political leader. He served as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1653 until his death, acting simultaneously as head of state and head of government of the new republic.



1691 - HMS Coronation (1685 - 90) and HMS Harwich (1674 - 70) sank in a storm whilst attempting to get into Plymouth Sound, appr. 1.000 of their crews drowned
Summer 1691. England was at war with her old enemy France, and the fleet were busy trying to lure the French and Dutch Navies out of the relative safety of the Channel Ports. The French however, knew when they were on to a good thing, and lay snug in their harbours whilst the English Fleet was battered by some of the worst summer storms anybody could remember. In late August, during a particularly bad gale, much of the Fleet retired to shelter in Torbay, and amongst those ships was the 90 gun second rate man of war, Coronation.

Unknown maker, model of the "Coronation,"

Van de Velde painting of the Harwich (NMM)


1777 - Launch of HMS Lion, a 64 gun Worcester-class Ship of the Line
HMS Lion was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, of the Worcester class, launched on 3 September 1777 at Portsmouth Dockyard.

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the body plan with sternboard outline and name on the counter, sheer lines with inboard detail and figurehead, and longitudinal half-breadth for Lyon (1777), a 64-gun Third Rate, two-decker, as built at Portsmouth Dockyard


1777 – Launch of French Le Concorde, a 32 gun Concorde-class frigate, later HMS Concorde
Concorde (originally Le Concorde) was a 32-gun frigate of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. Built in Rochefort in 1777, she entered service with the French early in the American War of Independence, and was soon in action, capturing HMS Minerva in the West Indies. She survived almost until the end of the war, but was captured by HMS Magnificent in 1783. Not immediately brought into service due to the draw-down in the navy after the end of the war, she underwent repairs and returned to active service under the White Ensign with the outbreak of war with France in 1793 as the fifth-rate HMS Concorde.

Hand-coloured.; Technique includes pen and ink style lithograph. The identity of the vessel on the extreme left of the image is unknown. The other vessels depicted are, from left to right, the Engageante (French), the Concorde (British) and the Resolve (French).


1782 - The Ship of the Line USS America is given to France to replace the French ship, Magnifique, which ran aground and was destroyed Aug. 11 while attempting to enter Boston harbor. The ship symbolizes the appreciation for France's service to America and her sacrifices during the American Revolution.
USS America was the first ship of the line built for the Continental Navy, but she never saw service there, being given to France after launching.

Launching Day, USS America - (Geoff Hunt)


1782 - Battle of Trincomalee, the fourth action between Hughes and Suffren,
was fought between a British fleet under Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Hughes and a French fleet under the Bailli de Suffren off the coast of Trincomalee, then Ceylon (modern Sri Lanka), on 3 September 1782. It was the fourth in a series of battles fought between the two fleets off the coast of the Indian subcontinent during the Anglo-French War.

1782 Battle of Trincomalee in the American Revolutionary War, painted for the British admiral Sir Edward Hughes, the leader of the British forces in the battle


HMS Hero, launched in 1759, flagship of Hughes

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the body plan, stern board outline with some decoration, sheer lines with inboard detail and quarter gallery decorations, and longitudinal half-breadth for 'Hero' (1759), a 74-gun Third Rate, two-decker, possibly as built and launched at Plymouth Dockyard.


1783 - The Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the American Revolution and the War of Independance.
The United States is acknowledged as a sovereign and independent nation.
The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War. The treaty set the boundaries between the British Empire in North America and the United States, on lines "exceedingly generous" to the latter. Details included fishing rights and restoration of property and prisoners of war.
This treaty and the separate peace treaties between Great Britain and the nations that supported the American cause — France, Spain, and the Dutch Republic — are known collectively as the Peace of Paris. Only Article 1 of the treaty, which acknowledges the United States' existence as free, sovereign, and independent states, remains in force.

The United States delegation at the Treaty of Paris included John Jay, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Laurens, and William Temple Franklin. Here they are depicted by Benjamin West in his American Commissioners of the Preliminary Peace Agreement with Great Britain. The British delegation refused to pose, and the painting was never completed.

1803 – Launch of HMS Illustrious, a 74 gun Fame-class Ship of the Line
HMS Illustrious, a 74-gun third rate ship of the line and the second of that name, was built by Randall & Brent at Rotherhithe where her keel was laid in February 1801. Launched on 3 September 1803, she was completed at Woolwich.

1811 - A Court of Inquiry began to sit, to investigate the conduct of Commodore Rodgers, USS President (1800 - 44) respecting his affair with HMS Little Belt (1807 - 20), Arthur Batt Bingham
Background of the Little Belt Affair
The Little Belt affair occurred four years after the Chesapeake–Leopard affair of 1807, in which HMS Leopard had attacked USS Chesapeake, killing three, wounding eighteen, and putting four of her sailors on trial for desertion. It was fifteen days after an incident involving HMS Guerriere, a frigate. On 1 May Guerriere had stopped the brig USS Spitfire off Sandy Hook in New Jersey and had impressed Maine citizen John Diggio, the apprentice sailing master of Spitfire. Secretary of the Navy Paul Hamilton had ordered President, along with USS Argus, to patrol the coastal areas from the Carolinas to New York.

President and HMS Little Belt


1878 – Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames.
SS Princess Alice , formerly PS Bute, was a passenger paddle steamer. She was sunk in 1878 in a collision off Tripcock Point on the River Thames with the collier Bywell Castle that resulted in the loss of over 650 lives, the greatest loss of life of any British inland waterway shipping disaster.

Drawing of a collision between the Princess Alice and Bywell Castle Caption reads "The great disaster on the Thames--Collision between the Princess Alice and the Bywell Castle, near Wollwich Published in Harper's Weekly October 12, 1878.

Scale: Unknown. A scenic model of the depicting the aftermath of the collision on the River Thames, on the 3 September 1878, between the pleasure steamer Princess Alice (1875) and the cargo steamship Bywell Castle (1870).


1913 – Launch of HMS Erin, a Reşadiye-class dreadnought battleship, originaly designed for the Ottoman Navy
HMS Erin was a dreadnought battleship of the Royal Navy, originally ordered by the Ottoman government from the British Vickers Company. The ship was to have been named Reşadiye when she entered service with the Ottoman Navy. The second of the two ships of the Reşadiye-class battleships would have been known as Fatih Sultan Mehmed. The class was designed to be at least the equal of any other ship afloat or building.

Photograph of British battleship HMS Erin underway in the Moray Firth, Scotland.

Erin in a floating drydock, about 1918


1939 - The SS Athenia was the first UK ship to be sunk by Germany, 117 civilian passengers and crew were killed with the sinking condemned as a war crime.
The SS Athenia was a steam turbine transatlantic passenger liner built in Glasgow in 1923 for the -Donaldson Line, which later became the Donaldson Atlantic Line. She worked between the United Kingdom and the east coast of Canada until September 1939, when a torpedo from a German submarine sank her in the Western Approaches.

SS ATHENIA seen in Montreal Harbour - 1933 Credit National Archives of Canada


1939 – World War II: The United Kingdom and France begin a naval blockade of Germany that lasts until the end of the war.
This also marks the beginning of the Battle of the Atlantic.
The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, running from 1939 to the defeat of Germany in 1945, and was a major part of the Naval history of World War II. At its core was the Allied naval blockade of Germany, announced the day after the declaration of war, and Germany's subsequent counter-blockade. It was at its height from mid-1940 through to the end of 1943.

1943 – World War II: The Allied invasion of Italy begins on the same day that U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower and Italian Marshal Pietro Badoglio sign the Armistice of Cassibile aboard the Royal Navy battleship HMS Nelson off Malta.
The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano, and made public on 8 September, between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies during World War II. It was signed at a conference of generals from both sides in an Allied military camp at Cassibile in Sicily, which had recently been occupied by the Allies. The armistice was approved by both King Victor Emmanuel III and Italian Prime MinisterPietro Badoglio. The armistice stipulated the surrender of Italy to the Allies.

IWM caption : The British battleship HMS NELSON off Spithead for the 1937 Fleet Review. ed in the background are two Queen Elizabeth Class battleships and two cruisers of the London Class.


1954 – The German submarine U-505 begins its move from a specially constructed dock to its site at Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry.
U-505 is a German Type IXC U-boat built for Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was captured by the U.S. Navy on 4 June 1944.
In her uniquely unlucky career with the Kriegsmarine, she had the distinction of being the "most heavily damaged U-boat to successfully return to port" in World War II (on her fourth patrol) and the only submarine in which a commanding officer took his own life in combat conditions (on her tenth patrol, following six botched patrols).

Unterseeboot 505 shortly after being captured in 1944 by a task force headed by USS Guadalcanal off the coast of Africa.

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

4th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 3 September HMS Coronation (1685 - 90) and HMS Harwich (1674 - 70) sank in a storm whilst attempting to get into Plymouth Sound, appr. 1.000 of their crews drowned Summer 1691. England was at war with her old enemy France, and the...

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1733 - Launch of French Diamant, 50 guns at Toulon

The Isis late the Diamant of 56 Guns, captured from the French 1747. Vol II page 116 (PAF7935)

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the body plan,


1758 - Launch of HMS Stag, a 32 gun Niger-class frigate

1762 – Launch of HMS Terrible, a 74 gun Ramillies class Ship of the Line

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the body plan, sheer lines, and longitudinal half-breadth for 'Ramillies' (1763); 'Terrible' (1762); 'Russell' (1764); 'Invincible' (1765); 'Magnificent' (1766); 'Prince of Wales' (1765); 'Marlborough' (1767); 'Robust' (1764), all 74-gun Third Rate, two-deckers. Note the pencil annotations of chain channels and gunports. An annotation on the reverse states that the class was similar to the 'Superb' (1760), specifically mentioning 'Monarch', 'Magnificent', and Marlborough'.


1781 – Launch of HMS Anson, a 64 gun Intrepid class Ship of the Line

Scale: 1:48. A contemporary ful hull skeleton model of the Intrepid (1770), a third rate 64 gun two-decker ship of the line. Numerous hand written labels attached to inner and outer surfaces of frame identifying specific parts. The ‘Intrepid’ model was almost certainly the one referred to in the following letter from King George III to Lord Sandwich in September 1773: ‘I shall be very curious to receive the model you mean to send tomorrow, and doubt not from the ingenuity of Mr Williams that it will thoroughly explain the construction of a ship, which the more I reflect on it the more it shows the perfection to which mechanics has arrived.’
Read more at http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/66486.html#DTxWkvUQFVxeucsK.99


1804 - The bomb-ketch USS Intrepid outfitted as fireship, blew up in failed attack on Tripoli with loss of all hands.

Burning of the USS Philadelphia / by Edward Moran (1897) / Intrepid depicted in foreground

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

5th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 4 September 1782 - Action of 4 September 1782 - HMS Rainbow (44) took French frigate Hebe (40) off the Ile de Bas. The Action of 4 September 1782 was a small naval engagement which was fought off the Île de Batz between a French naval...

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1697 – War of the Grand Alliance : A French warship, the Pelican, defeated an English squadron at the Battle of Hudson's Bay

The French ship Pélican sinks following the en:Battle of Hudson's Bay (1697). From Histoire de l'Amérique septentrionale by Claude-Charles Bacqueville de La Potherie, Paris, Jean-Luc Nion and François Didot, 1722 (en:Library and Archives Canada, FC305 B326)


1758 – Launch of HMS Cerberus, a 28 gun Coventry-class frigate

1770 - a joung boy, William Bligh, entered as able seaman on HMS Hunter



1781 – Battle of the Chesapeake in the American Revolutionary War

The French line (left) and British line (right) do battle


1813 - The schooner USS Enterprise captures the brig HMS Boxer off Portland, Maine in a 20-minute battle where both commanding officers die in battle

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

6th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 4 September 1782 - Action of 4 September 1782 - HMS Rainbow (44) took French frigate Hebe (40) off the Ile de Bas. The Action of 4 September 1782 was a small naval engagement which was fought off the Île de Batz between a French naval...

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1781 - HMS Savage (1778 - 14), Charles Stirling, taken by American privateer Congress (1781 - 24), Cptn. Gedded, off Charleston

1800 - Loss of HMS Stag (1794 - 32), Pallas-class

1807 – Launch of French Ville de Berlin, a 74-gun Téméraire class Ship of the Line at Antwerp

1808 - HMS Recruit (1806 - 18), Chas. Napier, engaged French sloop Diligente (1801 - 18) off Antigua

A nice drawing of the sail plan of a Cruizer class brig-sloop. HMS Recruit would have been identical


1870 - HMS Captain capsized with the loss of nearly 500 lives because of design and construction errors that led to inadequate stability

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

7th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 6 September 1842 – Launch of HMS Superb, a 80 gun Vanguard-class Ship of the Line HMS Superb was a two-deck 80-gun second rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 6 September 1842 at Pembroke Dockyard. H.M.S Superb, (80...

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1695 – Henry Every perpetrates one of the most profitable pirate raids in history with the capture of the Grand Mughal ship Ganj-i-Sawai. In response, Emperor Aurangzeb threatens to end all English trading in India.

An 18th-century depiction of Henry Every, with the Fancy shown engaging its prey in the background


1775 - During the American Revolution, the British supply ship Unity is taken by the Continental schooner, Hannah, paid for by Army Gen. George Washington. It is the first prize taken by a Continental vessel.

Model of the USS Hannah at the U.S. Navy Museum


1776 – Ezra Lee makes the world's first submarine attack in the Turtle, attempting to attach a time bomb to the hull of HMS Eagle in New York Harbor (no British records of this attack exist).

A diagram of the American Turtle


1797 – Launch of USS Constellation, the second of the original six frigates

Design of the hull of USF Constellation, which it shared with USF Congress.


1907 – Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.

Lusitania at the end of the first leg of her maiden voyage, New York City, September 1907. (The photo was taken with a panoramic camera.)

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

8th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 6 September 1842 – Launch of HMS Superb, a 80 gun Vanguard-class Ship of the Line HMS Superb was a two-deck 80-gun second rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 6 September 1842 at Pembroke Dockyard. H.M.S Superb, (80...

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1298 - Battle of Curzola (today Korčula, southern Dalmatia, now in Croatia)

1810 – The Tonquin sets sail from New York Harbor

1860 – The steamship PS Lady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 300 lives.

A woodcut engraving of the collision from Frank Leslie's Illustrated paper


1892 – sinking of the SS Charles W. Wetmore

1923 - At Honda Point, Calif., seven destroyers are run aground due to bad weather, strong currents, and faulty navigation. Twenty-three lives are lost during the disaster.

The seven wrecked destroyers on Honda point.


1934 – Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 137 people

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

9th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 8 September1934 – Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 137 people. EL Morro Castle was an ocean liner of the 1930s that was built for the Ward Line for voyages between New York City and...

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1000 – Battle of Svolder, Viking Age.
The Battle of Svolder (Svold or Swold) was a naval battle fought in September 999 or 1000 in the western Baltic Sea between King Olaf Tryggvason of Norway and an alliance of his enemies. The backdrop of the battle was the unification of Norway into a single state, long-standing Danish efforts to gain control of the country, and the spread of Christianity in Scandinavia.
King Olaf was sailing home after an expedition to Wendland (Pomerania), when he was ambushed by an alliance of Svein Forkbeard, King of Denmark, Olof Skötkonung (also known as Olaf Eiríksson), King of Sweden, and Eirik Hákonarson, Jarl of Lade. Olaf had only 11 warships in the battle against a fleet of at least 70. His ships were captured one by one, last of all the Ormen Lange, which Jarl Eirik captured as Olaf threw himself into the sea. After the battle, Norway was ruled by the Jarls of Lade as a fief of Denmark and Sweden.

The Battle of Svolder, at which the Jomsvikings fought with Denmark against Norway, maybe with a swap of allegiance to side with Forkbeard's advantage, of his 400 ships to Tryggvason's 100.


1629 – Birth of Cornelis Tromp, Dutch general (d. 1691)
Cornelis Maartenszoon Tromp (3 September 1629 – 29 May 1691) was a Dutch naval officer. He was the son of Lieutenant Admiral Maarten Tromp. He became Lieutenant Admiral General in the Dutch Navy and briefly Admiral General in the Danish Navy. He fought in the first three Anglo-Dutch Wars and in the Scanian War.



1721 – Birth of Fredrik Henrik af Chapman, Swedish admiral and shipbuilder (d. 1808)
Fredrik Henrik af Chapman (9 September 1721 in Gothenburg – 19 August 1808) was a Swedish shipbuilder, scientist and officer in the Swedish navy. He was also manager of the Karlskrona shipyard 1782-1793. Chapman is credited as the first person to apply scientific methods to shipbuilding and is considered to be the first naval architect.



1754 – Birth of William Bligh, English admiral and politician, 4th Governor of New South Wales (d. 1817)
Vice-Admiral William Bligh FRS (9 September 1754 – 7 December 1817) was an officer of the Royal Navy and a colonial administrator. The Mutiny on the Bounty occurred during his command of HMS Bounty in 1789; after being set adrift in Bounty's launch by the mutineers, Bligh and his loyal men reached Timor, a journey of 3,618 nautical miles (6,701 km; 4,164 mi).



1763 – Launch of HMS Solebay, a Mermaid-class sixth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy
which saw active service between 1766 and 1782, during the latter part of the Seven Years' War and throughout the American Revolutionary War. After a successful career in which she captured seven enemy vessels, she was wrecked ashore on the Caribbean Island of Nevis.
Solebay was one of three Royal Navy vessels designed according to a 1760 schematic drawn up by Sir Thomas Slade, a naval architect and newly appointed Surveyor of the Navy. Slade had been impressed with the sailing qualities of a captured French vessel, Abénaquise, and used this vessel as his template for Solebay with modifications to incorporate a heavier hull and better sailing qualities in poor weather. His plans for the new 28-gun sixth-rate were approved by Admiralty on 30 January 1762. At the time, the Royal Dockyards were fully engaged in maintaining and fitting-out the Navy's ships of the line. Consequently, the contracts for Solebay were issued to a private shipyard, Thomas Airey and Company of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with a requirement that the vessel be completed within 14 months at a cost of £9.3s per ton burthen.

1780 – Launch of French Sceptre, a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy.
In 1781 and 1782, she took part in the naval operations in the American Revolutionary War, under Admiral de Grasse. She fought at the Battle of the Chesapeake and at the Battle of the Saintes. In August, Sceptre, Astrée, and Engageante, under La Pérouse, raided several English fur trading posts during the Hudson Bay Expedition, including Fort Prince of Wales. In 1783, she was decommissioned in Brest.


1796 - The Action of 9 September 1796
was an inconclusive minor naval engagement between small French Navy and British Royal Navy squadrons off northeastern Sumatra, near Banda Aceh, during the French Revolutionary Wars. The French squadron comprised six frigates engaged on a commerce raiding operation against British trade routes passing through captured parts of the Dutch East Indies, and posed a considerable threat to the weakened British naval forces in the region. The British force consisted of two 74-gun ships of the line hastily paired to oppose the eastward advance of the French squadron.

Scale: 1:48. Plan showing the framing profile (disposition) for 'Venerable' (1784) and 'Victorious' (1785), both 74-gun Third Rate two-deckers building at blackwall by Mr John Perry & Co. Signed by John Williams [Surveyor of the Navy, 1765-1784], and Edward Hunt


1943 – Sinking of Italian battleship Roma by airbomb
Roma named after two previous ships and the city of Rome, was the fourth Vittorio Veneto-class battleship of Italy's Regia Marina (Royal Navy). The construction of both Roma and her sister ship Impero was due to rising tensions around the world and the navy's fear that only two Vittorio Venetos, even in company with older pre-First World War battleships, would not be enough to counter the British and French Mediterranean Fleets. As Roma was laid down almost four years after the first two ships of the class, some small improvements were made to the design, including additional freeboard added to the bow.

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

10th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 8 September1934 – Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 137 people. EL Morro Castle was an ocean liner of the 1930s that was built for the Ward Line for voyages between New York City and...

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1746 – Launch of french Lys, 64 guns, at Brest – captured by the British off North America in June 1755 / Lys class.
Designed and built by Jacques-Luc Coulomb.

On the belief that the French were preparing to build up their military presence in America, in April 1755 an English naval squadron was despatched to America. The aim was to catch the French fleet in a net of British war ships. In charge was Admiral Boscawen who, having received his orders, got his fleet of 14 ships underway, followed soon afterwards by seven more ships under Admiral Holbourne. By the end of May, 1755, a British war fleet was cruising between the southern coast of Newfoundland and the northern coast of Cape Breton. At the same time, after a considerable delay the French fleet left Brest on 3 May, 1755. Aboard were 3,000 troops, with Admiral de la Motte in charge of the French fleet which had been dispatched with provisions for the French colonies in North America. In foggy conditions off the Newfoundland Banks, four French warships of de la Motte’s fleet became separated from their fleet and were sighted on 6 June and chased. They played hide and seek in the fog until two of them were brought to action and taken. A third that had been sighted and chased and escaped in the fog. Even though war was not officially declared, Boscawen had been ordered to attack any French squadron he met. The French ‘Alcide’ and ‘Lys’ were captured which resulted in the first shots of the Seven Years War, 1756-1763. In the foreground of this contemporary painting, the ‘Defiance’, commanded by Captain Thomas Andrews is firing into the French warship the ‘Lys’, which is not replying. Between the two ships in the background can be seen the ‘Dunkirk’ commanded by Captain the Hon. Richard Howe and the ‘Alcide’ commanded by Captain de Hocquart. On the left an English merchantman is shown coming towards the viewer.
The Capture of the 'Alcide' and 'Lys', 8 June 1755 - National Maritime Museum


1759 - Battle of Pondicherry
The Battle of Pondicherry was a naval battle between a British squadron under Vice-Admiral George Pocock and French squadron under Comte d'Aché off the Carnatic coast of India near Pondicherry during the Seven Years' War. The battle took place on 10 September 1759. The outcome was indecisive.


1759 -The Battle of Frisches Haff or Battle of Stettiner Haff
was a naval battle between Sweden and Prussia that took place 10 September 1759 as part of the ongoing Seven Years' War. The battle took place in the Szczecin Lagoon (German: Stettiner Haff) between Neuwarp and Usedom, and is named after an ambiguous earlier name for the Lagoon, Frisches Haff, which later exclusively denoted the Vistula Lagoon.

Plan of the battle


1813 - The Battle of Lake Erie, sometimes called the Battle of Put-in-Bay,
was fought on 10 September 1813, on Lake Erie off the coast of Ohio during the War of 1812. Nine vessels of the United States Navy defeated and captured six vessels of the British Royal Navy. This ensured American control of the lake for the rest of the war, which in turn allowed the Americans to recover Detroit and win the Battle of the Thames to break the Indian confederation of Tecumseh. It was one of the biggest naval battles of the War of 1812.

Battle of Lake Erie by William Henry Powell, painted 1865, shows Oliver Hazard Perry transferring from Lawrence to Niagara


1861 - During the Civil War, USS Lexington (1861) and USS Conestoga (1861) support an armed advance at Lucas Bend, Mo. While supporting the advance, the vessels damage the Confederate gunboat, CSS Jackson (1849), and silence a Confederate battery.

USS Lexington / USS Conestoga, photographed during the Civil War


1908 – Launch of SS Laurentic, passenger ship for White Star Line,
SS Laurentic was a British ocean liner of the White Star Line. She was converted to an armed merchant cruiser at the onset of World War I, and sank after striking two mines north of Ireland on 25 January 1917, with the loss of 354 lives. She was carrying about 43 tons of gold ingots at the time of her loss, and as of 2017, 20 bars of gold are yet to be recovered.

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

11th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 8 September1934 – Off the New Jersey coast, a fire aboard the passenger liner SS Morro Castle kills 137 people. EL Morro Castle was an ocean liner of the 1930s that was built for the Ward Line for voyages between New York City and...

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1758 – Battle of Saint Cast - France repels British invasion during the Seven Years' War.
The Battle of Saint Cast was a military engagement during the Seven Years' War on the French coast between British naval and land expeditionary forces and French coastal defence forces. Fought on 11 September 1758, it was won by the French.

British attack on Saint-Cast in 1758 during the Seven Years War.


1778 - Capture of HMS Fox by french Junon

The capture of HMS Fox by the French frigate Junon


1779 – Launch of french Lutine, a 32 gun Magicienne-class frigate, later HMS Lutine
Lutine was a frigate which served in both the French Navy and the Royal Navy. She was launched by the French in 1779. The ship passed to British control in 1793 and was taken into service as HMS Lutine. She sank among the West Frisian Islands during a storm in 1799.

HMS Lutine in distress


Internal shot of Rostrum at Lloyd's and Lutine Bell


1781 - HMS Richmond (1757 – 32 – Richmond-class) and HMS Iris (1776 - 28 - ex-USS Hancock), were taken when the french fleet under the Comte de Grasse returned at the Chesabeake (6 days after the battle)
HMS Richmond (1757 – 32 – Richmond-class), Cptn. Charles Hudson, and HMS Iris (28), Cptn. George Dawson, having been ordered to enter the Chesapeake and cut away the buoys left when the French slipped their cables, were taken when the fleet under the Comte de Grasse returned as they were completing the task.

1781 - HMS Terrible (1762 - 74) was burnt as unseaworthy due to damage received at the Battle of the Chesapeake
HMS Terrible was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 4 September 1762 at Harwich, England.
In the English Channel, in 1777, under Captain Richard Bickerton, she took an American privateer brig called the Rising States, Capt Thompson.
In 1778 she fought at the First Battle of Ushant, and in 1781 Terrible (Capt. Finch) was part of Sir Thomas Graves' fleet at the Battle of the Chesapeake. During the course of the battle, she took heavy damage, and was scuttled, or deliberately sunk, after the battle had ended.

1786 – Launch of HMS Royal Sovereign, a 100-gun first rate ship of the line
which served as the flagship of Admiral Collingwood at the Battle of Trafalgar. She was the third of seven Royal Navy ships to bear the name. Designed by Sir Edward Hunt, she was launched at Plymouth Dockyard on 11 September 1786, at a cost of £67,458, and was the only ship built to her draught. She was known by her crew as the "West Country Wagon" due to her poor manoeuvrability and speed.

The eighth, but last in order of events, of a series of ten drawings (PAF5871–PAF5874, PAF5876, PAF5880-PAF5881 and PAF5883–PAF5885) of mainly lesser-known incidents in Nelson's career, apparently intended for a set of engravings. This and PAF5881 are exceptions in terms of their subject. Pocock's own numbered description of it in a letter of 2 June 1810 (see below) is: '8. Storm the Day after the Battle the "Victory" under Courses Endev[ourin]g to Clear the Land. The "Royal Sovereign" in Tow by the "Euryalus"


1798 - Launch of HMS Temeraire, a 98-gun ship of the Neptune-class
HMS Temeraire was a 98-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. Launched in 1798, she served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, mostly on blockades or convoy escort duties. She fought only one fleet action, the Battle of Trafalgar, but became so well known for her actions and her subsequent depictions in art and literature that she has been remembered as The Fighting Temeraire.

1809 – Launch of HMS Manilla, a 44 gun Apollo-class frigate
The Apollo-class sailing frigates were a series of twenty-seven ships that the British Admiralty commissioned be built to a 1798 design by Sir William Rule. Twenty-five served in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars, two being launched too late.

1861 – Launch of USS Kearsarge , a Mohican-class sloop-of-war
USS Kearsarge, a Mohican-class sloop-of-war, is best known for her defeat of the Confederate commerce raider CSS Alabama during the American Civil War. Kearsarge was the only ship of the United States Navy named for Mount Kearsarge in New Hampshire. Subsequent ships were later named Kearsarge in honor of the ship.

1919 – Launch of RMS Arundel Castle, British Ocean Liner
RMS Arundel Castle was a British ocean liner and Royal Mail Ship which entered service in 1921 for the Union-Castle Line. A previous vessel of the same name was built in 1864 by Donald Currie & Co. (a predecessor to Union-Castle) and sold in 1883, whereupon it was renamed Chittagong. Originally laid down as the Amroth Castle in 1915, building was delayed by the First World War. She was eventually launched on 11 September 1919.

1943 - During the Salerno, Italy operations, USS Savannah (CL 42) is hit by a German guided bomb.
The explosion kills nearly 200 of her crew, but she remains under her own power to return to the U.S. for repairs.
USS Savannah (CL-42) was a light cruiser of the Brooklyn-class that served in World War II in the Atlantic and Mediterranean theatres of operation.

USS Savannah (CL-42) photographed from a blimp of squadron ZP-11, while underway off the New England coast on 30 October 1944.

USS Savannah (CL 42) Is hit by a German radio-controlled bomb, while supporting Allied forces ashore during the Salerno operation, 11 September 1943. The bomb hit the top of the ship's number three 6"/47 gun turret and penetrated deep into her hull before exploding. The photograph shows the explosion venting through the top of the turret and also through Savannah's hull below the waterline. A motor torpedo boat (PT) is passing by in the foreground. Courtesy of the Naval Historical Foundation. Collection of Admiral H. Kent Hewett, USN. / U.S. Naval Historical Center Photograph NH 95562.

 

[Uwek]

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

12th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 11 September 1798 - Launch of HMS Temeraire, a 98-gun ship of the Neptune-class HMS Temeraire was a 98-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. Launched in 1798, she served during the...

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1711 - The Battle of Rio de Janeiro (12. - 22. September 1711)
was a raid in September 1711 on the port of Rio de Janeiro in the War of Spanish Succession by a French squadron under René Duguay-Trouin. The Portuguese defenders, including the city's governor and an admiral of the fleet anchored there, were unable to put up effective resistance in spite of numerical advantages.
Four Portuguese ships of the line were lost, and the city had to pay a ransom to avoid destruction of its defences.

Entrada da esquadra francesa em porto do Rio de Janeiro


1764 – Launch of HMS Saint Albans, a 64 gun St Albans-class Ship of the Line
HMS St Albans was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 12 September 1764 at Blackwall Yard, London. She served in the American War of Independence from 1777 and was part of the fleet that captured St Lucia and won victories at Battle of St. Kitts and The Saintes. She was converted to a floating battery in 1803 and was broken up in 1814.

1806 – Launch of french brig Cygne, a 16-gun Abeille-class brig - Part 1 - Naval Event
Cygne was an Abeille-class 16-gun brig of the French Navy, launched in 1806.

model based on the ancre monograph of Jean Boudriot


1814 - The Battle of Baltimore (12. - 15. September 1814)
was a sea/land battle fought between British invaders and American defenders in the War of 1812. American forces repulsed sea and land invasions off the busy port city of Baltimore, Maryland, and killed the commander of the invading British forces. The British and Americans first met at North Point. Though the Americans retreated, the battle was a successful delaying action that inflicted heavy casualties on the British, halting their advance consequently allowing the defenders at Baltimore to properly prepare for an attack.
The resistance of Baltimore’s Fort McHenry during bombardment by the Royal Navy inspired Francis Scott Key to compose the poem "Defence of Fort McHenry", which later became the lyrics for "The Star-Spangled Banner", the national anthem of the United States of America.

1857 – The SS Central America sinks
about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
SS Central America, known as the Ship of Gold, was a 280-foot (85 m) sidewheel steamer that operated between Central America and the eastern coast of the United States during the 1850s. She was originally named the SS George Law, after Mr. George Law of New York. The ship sank in a hurricane in September 1857, along with more than 420 passengers and crew and 30,000 pounds (14,000 kg) of gold, contributing to the Panic of 1857.

A depiction of the sinking


1869 – SS Carnatic wrecked
SS Carnatic was a British steamship built in 1862-63 by Samuda Brothers at Cubitt Town on the Isle of Dogs, London, for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company. She operated on the Suez to Bombay run in the last years before the Suez Canal was opened.

1882 – HMS Phoenix, a Doterel-class sloop wrecked
HMS Phoenix was a Doterel-class sloop launched in 1879. She was wrecked off Prince Edward Island, Canada on 12 September 1882.

1905 - japanese battleship Mikasa sinks after accidentally explosion
Mikasa (三笠) is a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s. Named after Mount Mikasa in Nara, Japan, the ship served as the flagship of Admiral Tōgō Heihachirōthroughout the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, including the Battle of Port Arthur on the second day of the war and the Battles of the Yellow Sea and Tsushima. Days after the end of the Russo-Japanese War, Mikasa's magazine accidentally exploded and sank the ship. She was salvaged and her repairs took over two years to complete. Afterwards, the ship served as a coast-defence ship during World War I and supported Japanese forces during the Siberian Intervention in the Russian Civil War.

1942 – Ocean liner RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life
The second RMS Laconia was a Cunard ocean liner, built by Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson as a successor of the 1911-1917 Laconia. The new ship was launched on 9 April 1921, and made her maiden voyage on 25 May 1922 from Southampton to New York City. At the outbreak of World War II she was converted into an Armed Merchant Cruiser, and subsequently a troopship. Like her predecessor, sunk during the First World War, this Laconia was also destroyed by a German submarine. Some estimates of the death toll have suggested that over 1,649 people were killed when the Laconia sank. The U-boat commander Werner Hartenstein then staged a dramatic effort to rescue the passengers and the crew of Laconia, which involved additional German U-boats and became known as the Laconia incident.

Cunard Line postcard of the RMS Laconia circa 1921

 

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Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

13th of September

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Naval/Maritime History - 27th of August - Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History

Today in Naval History - Naval / Maritime Events in History 11 September 1798 - Launch of HMS Temeraire, a 98-gun ship of the Neptune-class HMS Temeraire was a 98-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. Launched in 1798, she served during the...

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1653 – English 200-ton warship Swan / HMS Swann (1641 - 12) sunk in storm
Swan was a 200-ton warship of the English navy, launched as a Royalist vessel in 1641 but captured by the Commonwealth of England when her crew revolted in 1645. She carried twelve cannons, which were cast by John Browne.
The warship was a part of Oliver Cromwell's fleet of six vessels which attacked a Royalist stronghold at Duart Castle in Mull, UK, during the English Civil War. She sank in storm on 13 September 1653 off the west coast of Scotland.
A naval diver found the remnants of the Swan in 1979 and important items from the wreck were recovered during the 1990s in an excavation led by maritime archaeologist Colin Martin from the University of St Andrewsin Fife, Scotland. Items recovered at that time included a corroded pocket watch which appeared to look like "...little more than a lump of rock from the outside", many silver coins, iron guns and other military artifacts. The items were deposited with the National Museum of Scotland.

1742 – Launch of French Trident, 64-gun Third Rate Ship of the Line at Toulon
designed and built by Pierre-Blaise Coulomb) – captured by the British in the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre in October 1747

1799 - HMS Arrow (1796 - 28) and HMS Wolverine (1798 - 16) captured Batavian Draak (24) and Gier (14), two days later Dolphin (1799 - 24)
anchored under the island of Ulie at the entrance to the Texel. Draak turned out to be a sheer hulk so Cptn. Bolton burnt her.
On 9 September Vice-Admiral Mitchell detached Arrow and Wolverine to attack a ship and a brig belonging to the Batavian Republic and anchored under the Vlie at the entrance to the Texel. Arrow had to lighten ship and the following day they crossed over the Flack abreast of Wieringen and saw the enemy in the passage leading from Vlie Island towards Harlingen. On 12 September Wolverine, commanded by William Bolton, anchored within 60 yards of the brig and only had to fire one gun before the brig hauled down her colours. She proved to be Gier, armed with fourteen 12-pounders. Next, Arrowexchanged broadsides with the ship Draak, of 24 guns (six 50-pound brass howitzers, two 32-pounder guns, and sixteen long 18-pounder guns), which surrendered when Wolverine came up. Draak turned out to be a sheer hulk, so Bolton burnt her. The British also captured two schooners, each of four 8-pounder guns, and four schuyts, each of two 8-pounder guns. The Dutch prisoners numbered 380 men. In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasps "Arrow 13 Sept 1799" and "Wolverine 13 Sept. 1799" to any survivors of the two crews that claimed them.

HMS Arrow was a sloop in the Royal Navy that the Admiralty purchased in 1796. during the French Revolutionary Wars she participated in many actions, including one that resulted in her crew qualifying for the Naval General Service Medal. On 3 February 1805 she and Acheron were escorting a convoy from Malta to England when they encountered two French frigates. Arrow and Acheron were able to save the majority of the vessels of the convoy by their resistance before they were compelled to strike. Arrow sank almost immediately after surrendering, and Acheron was so badly damaged that the French burnt her.

HMS Wolverine (or Wolverene, or Woolverene), was a Royal Navy 14-gun brig-sloop, formerly the civilian collier Rattler that the Admiralty purchased in 1798 and converted into a brig sloop, but armed experimentally. She served during the French Revolutionary Wars and participated in one action that won for her crew a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal. A French privateer captured and sank Wolverine on 21 March 1804 whilst she was on convoy duty.

1801 - HMS Lark (16), Lt. Johnstone, captured Spanish privateer schooner Esperance, within the Portillo Reefs, Cuba.
HMS Lark was a 16-gun ship sloop of the Cormorant class, launched in 1794 at Northfleet. She served primarily in the Caribbean, where she took a number of prizes, some after quite intensive action. Lark foundered off San Domingo in August 1809, with the loss of her captain and almost all her crew.

1803 - Death of John Barry (March 25, 1745 – September 13, 1803)
who was an officer in the Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War and later in the United States Navy. He came to be widely credited as "The Father of the American Navy" (and shares that moniker with John Paul Jones and John Adams) and was appointed a captain in the Continental Navy on December 7, 1775. He was the first captain placed in command of a U.S. warship commissioned for service under the Continental flag.
After the war, he became the first commissioned U.S. naval officer, at the rank of commodore, receiving his commission from President George Washington in 1797.



1810 - Action of 13 September 1810 - HMS Africaine (38), Cptn. Robert Corbett (Killed in Action), taken by Astree (38) and Iphigenie (38), but re-taken by HMS Boadicea (38), Cptn. Josias Rowley - Part 1 Naval Event
The Action of 13 September 1810 was an inconclusive frigate engagement during the Napoleonic Wars between British Royal Navy and French Navy frigates during which a British frigate was defeated by two French vessels near Isle de France (now Mauritius), but British reinforcements were able to recapture the ship before the French could secure her. The British frigate was HMS Africaine, a new arrival to the Indian Ocean. She was under the command of Captain Robert Corbet, who had served there the previous year. Corbet was a notoriously unpopular officer and his death in the battle provoked a storm of controversy in Britain over claims that Corbet had either committed suicide at the shame of losing his ship, been murdered by his disaffected crew, or been abandoned by his men, who were said to have refused to load their guns while he remained in command. Whether any of these rumours were accurate has never been satisfactorily determined, but the issue has been discussed in several prominent naval histories and was the subject of at least one lawsuit.
The action came about as a direct consequence of the Battle of Grand Port three weeks earlier, in which a British squadron had been destroyed in a failed attack on Grand Port harbour on Isle de France. This gave the French forces on the island a significant regional advantage, outnumbering the British frigate on the recently captured Île Bourbon, commanded by Commodore Josias Rowley, by six to one. British reinforcements were hastily despatched to the area but the French were blockading Île Bourbon in force and the arriving reinforcements were in constant danger of attack by more powerful French units. Africaine was the first ship to reinforce Rowley's squadron, but within three days of her arrival in the region was engaged by two French ships while attempting to drive them away from Saint Denis on Île Bourbon. Corbet was severely wounded in the opening exchanges and subsequently died. Although his crew fought hard, they were overwhelmed by the French frigates and forced to surrender, only for Rowley to arrive in HMS Boadicea and drive off the French warships, recapturing Africaine.


1810 - Action of 13 September 1810 - HMS Africaine (38), Cptn. Robert Corbett (Killed in Action), taken by Astree (38) and Iphigenie (38), but re-taken by HMS Boadicea (38), Cptn. Josias Rowley - Part 2 The Ships
Africaine (1798 - 40 - Preneuse-class) was one of two 40-gun Preneuse-class frigates of the French Navy built to a design by Raymond-Antoine Haran. She carried twenty-eight 18-pounder and twelve 8-pounder guns. The British captured her in 1801, comissioned her as HMS Africaine, only to have the French recapture her in 1810. They abandoned her at sea as she had been demasted and badly damaged, with the result that the British recaptured her the next day. She was broken up in 1816.

1858 - SS Austria was a steamship of the Hamburg America Line in one of the worst transatlantic maritime disasters of the nineteenth century, claiming the lives of 449 passengers and crew..
SS Austria was a steamship of the Hamburg America Line which sank on 13 September 1858, in one of the worst transatlantic maritime disasters of the nineteenth century, claiming the lives of 449 passengers and crew. The Austria was built by Caird & Co. of Greenock, Scotland and was launched on 23 June 1857. She was 318 ft and 2,684 BRT, with three masts and single screw propeller propulsion.

Sinking of the SS Austria, at the Deutsches Historisches Museum.