Bellona POF scratch build

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The Enterprise Bellona build that may never start

Back in 1978 I promised myself that someday I would build another model, this time plank on frame.

So here I am, 77 years of age, contemplating if this will ever happen. At the moment I am “helping” a six year old boy build Occre’s Bounty Boat. Looking for guidance I stumbled across Ships of Scale (SOS). While browsing I stumbled upon and was quite enamored by the San Felipe. I began looking for drawings only to discover that the ship never existed. With this set back I realized I wasn’t sure what I wanted to build. My wife was pushing for “something pretty.”

I never really finished my first big ship, Norske Love. The drawings provided did not show how the yards were attached to the masts. As much research as I was able to do, I was never able to answer the question to my satisfaction. Contemplating this I realized a few things. It had to be a real ship. Some hull drawings had to be available, as did basic rigging plans. In summary a near historic model, preferably a named ship. Lastly a hull about 26 to 30 inches in length

So armed, I began looking at ships. I’m not sure how the list grew but grow it did. I looked at drawings and kits for 15 or so ships (see list and comments below). Early on I found HMS Enterprise. I was to gather up the Greenwich drawings as well as a set of commercial drawings. Pouring over the body plan I realized that I did not know how the ship was built. There is a wealth of knowledge on this site but I wasn’t been able to turn any of it into probable British Navel building practice in the mid to late 1700s .

Sutherland’s “The Ship-Builders Assistant” is much too early. Steel’s “The Shipwright’s Vade-Mecum” does not seem to supply details. Tables and such but no images. Frustrated, I began to look at other ships and buy books as I found them referenced in build logs.

Candidates:

HMS Cruizer – Sloop, 1752. Very simple stern, too simple

HMS Ontario – Snow, 1780. 22 guns. Simple stern, ship wreck located in lake Ontario

https://www.shipwreckworld.com/arti...discover-1780-british-warship-in-lake-ontario. Might pay to re-look.

HMS Prince – 1670, first rate, too elaborate.

Santa Anna – Spanish ship, 1784, 112 guns. Stern, although simple, is ugly.

Santisima Trinidad – Spanish ship, 1769, 130 guns. Too elaborate for me.

HMS Venus – 1758 5th rate frigate, 36 guns. Only painting and lines available.

HMS Victory – 1737 1st rate ship, 100 guns. Ship exists, Drawings aplenty. Too fancy.

HMS Royal William – 1719 1st rate ship, 100 guns. Too elaborate.

Montebello 1812 – French ship, 112 guns. A bit boring in profile.

Salvador del Mundo - Spanish ship 1787, 112 guns. Too big

HMS Bellona – 1760 3rd rate ship, 76 guns. Book available, can I handle the carving?

https://www.sailsofglory.org/entry.php?53-HMS-Bellona. Image of model available. Also: https://shipsofscale.com/sosforums/...ona-anatomy-of-the-ship-by-brian-lavery.2210/

HMS Leopard – 1790 Portland class, 50 gun, 4th rate. No rigging plans. No bulwarks so no place to tie off lines. Cannot build quasi historical


HMS Bristol - 1775 Portland class 50 gun ship. See HMS Leonard.

HMS Bedford - 1775 3rd rate 74 gun ship. Plan and model available

HMS Pandora – 1779 24 gun 6th rate ship

What to do? I have acquired McCarthy’s book “Building Plank – on – Frame Ship Models.” I was contemplating building a Cruiser class ship until he observed no stern drawings are available. Back to square one but I can now see how the ships might have been built. I also have other books that add to the knowledge.

Back to the Enterprise. Not sure I am up to all of the carving. There is more than on Bellona.

Have just reviewed Lovery’s book “The 74-gun ship Bellona.” There is quite a bit of information with sources given for the information. Bellona wins out.

Next step, study Lovery’s book.
 
Very interesting thoughts - and also an even more interesting result with the Bellona

For everybody interested in the book Warren mentioned, please take a look at the book review:


For additional information you will find some contemporary drawings at the NMM

1730298060838.png


and also these beautiful models

1730298129486.png 1730298146443.png

Gave fun and I am looking for to see much more
 
There is a full set of the RMG drawings in high resolution on the WikiCommons site for Bristol (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ship_plans_of_the_Royal_Museums_Greenwich page 5) that will give you a wealth of information. I have a few contracts for 50 gun ships, but they are from the late 17th century so not applicable but you might be able to find one at The National Archives in Kew, England. . There are scantlings for 50 gun ships in the Establishments that are probably applicable for Portland 1766. There are also scantlings from 1788 (Shipbuilder's Repository) and circa 1800 (Steel's The Elements and Practice of Naval Architecture.) All the Establishments, SR, and Steel scantlings are in Scantlings of Royal Navy Ships available from Seawatch so useful for a wide range of years and all ship rates. An example of Portland drawings is the framing disposition at the end of this post.

HMS Leopard – 1790 Portland class, 50 gun, 4th rate. No rigging plans. No bulwarks so no place to tie off lines.

Regarding the Portland class James Lees' Masting and Rigging can be used to size masts, yards, lines, and blocks with no problem.

If you want to go with a 6th rate I cannot recommend highly enough The Fully Frame Model series of book. There are high resolution drawings of the Swan class and other 14 gun sloops on the Wiki Site.
Allan

FRAMING DISTRIBUTION
1730301389192.jpeg
 
First, let me quote Uwe: "Brian Lavery is one of Britain's leading naval historians and a prolific author. A Curator Emeritus at the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, and a renowned expert on the sailing navy and the Royal Navy, in 2007 he won the prestigious Desmond Wettern Maritime Media Award. His naval writing was further honoured in 2008 with the Society of Nautical Research's Anderson Medal. His recent titles include Ship, Royal Tars, Conquest of the Ocean, In Which They Served, Churchill's Navy, and the Sunday Times bestseller Empire of the Seas."

I am quoting Uwe as Brian Lavery's credentials help lend credence to some of the decisions / assumptions he makes in his book. Second, I read and re-read the introductory material to his book. I looked at the sources he cites for drawings and a sample contract. I was able to find all of the documentation except for a rigging plan to be found in SPB 15 which is to be found in the Manuscripts Department at the National Maritime Museum. I am able to find the reference but cannot access it.
 
AllanKP69
Regarding the 6th rate ships, I have two of Anderson's books. The rigging is not the problem. If there are no bulwarks on the ship, where are the pin rails? Without pin rails, were are the lines to tie off? Anderson does not provide guidance. I must confess I am taking the author of the HMS Leonard at his word. I do not have drawings with sufficient details to show the presence of pin rails or their absence.

I down loaded all of the Bristol drawings. Thank you. They provided no insight.

Warren
 
Hi Warren,
Are you referring to RC Anderson's The Rigging of Ships In the Days of the Spritsail Topmast? There would not be any need for information on pinrails as belaying pins were not commonly used on British Ships until about1745 and then the pin rails were mounted on the shrouds, rather than on the bulwarks until later in the century. There seem to always be exceptions though. One example is in the contract for Edgar (70) 1669 where it describes fittings for rigging, being listed as Kevells, Ranges, Cleates, Turnpinns and whatever shalbe requisite for belaying the rigging. Turnpinns may be an earlier term for belaying pins. I have no idea what "ranges" are so if anyone can define this that would be great.

I am a little confused when you say there are no bulwarks. The Portland class obviously had bulwarks and sixth rates (22-28 guns) had bulwarks as well, so is there some other ship to which you are referring? This may just be a matter of terminology or my old brain not working this morning. :)

The only book I know that gives the order of dressing and indications on belaying points beyond 1720 is The Masting and Rigging of English Ships of War by James Lees. One example is a drawing and verbal description of the belaying points of every line of Medway (1742) as she was rigged in 1763. Even Darcy Lever's Young Sea Officers Sheet Anchor, which has a LOT of detail on where the lines run does not describe the belaying points.

This was also discussed here at SoS recently.. https://shipsofscale.com/sosforums/...m-1719-1-55-by-olegm.6698/page-29#post-404122 You may find the posts starting with 571 and beyond helpful.
Allan
 
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My bad. In his H.M.S. Leopard 4th Rate 50 Gun Ship 1790 P.o.B. Scratch 1:80. Jim states: "These 50 gun ships (at least these Portland Class examples) had no bulwarks on the poop deck -- only hammock cranes, and the plan shows only one pinrail containing only 7 belaying pins located behind the mizzen mast. Much later in the build, at rigging time, this woeful shortage of belaying points would prove a little troublesome." I failed to notice the words poop deck.

Yes, I was referring to RC Anderson's The Rigging of Ships In the Days of the Spritsail Topmast. Thank you for the link to the earlier discussion. Beautiful work as well as very informative. Just another area where I need to go back to school.
 
Hi Warren.

Bellona is a big ship with many challenges.
Your quest for historical accuracy will add a lot of interest.
You write clearly and well and are not embarrassed to admit mistakes.
I own the Lavery book.

All these things add up to a build log which promises to be a rewarding read. I shall be watching with great pleasure.
 
I have no idea what "ranges" are so if anyone can define this that would be great.
Hi Allan, I think you have TFFM...check out volume 2 and I believe David mentions something called a range cleat. I'm at work so I don't have the necessary material in hand. If memory serves it's an oversized deck cleat mounted on the bulwark at an angle respective to whatever is belayed to it.

Hopefully I'm not making this up in my head :confused:.
 
Been a busy day but no sawdust yet. Cleaned up the Bellona line drawing with Adobe Protoshop. Scaled to approx 1/8 in per foot and had it printed. Close but more scale work to be done. I have ordered The Masting and Rigging of English Ships of War by James Lees as well as "The 50-Gun Ship: A Complete History by Shipshape. I have a lot of reading to do and then start drawing frames.

warren

 
Hi Allan, I think you have TFFM...check out volume 2 and I believe David mentions something called a range cleat. I'm at work so I don't have the necessary material in hand. If memory serves it's an oversized deck cleat mounted on the bulwark at an angle respective to whatever is belayed to it.

Hopefully I'm not making this up in my head :confused:.
Hi @AllanKP69. I have confirmed that Antscherl mentions something called range cleats in Vol 2, p. 123. But if this is what your source has in mind is obviously uncertain.

Sorry, Warren, for using your build report to communicate this information.
 
Warren,
Lees The Masting and Rigging of English Ships of War is the best book on rigging for the entire 18th century that I have been able to find over the years. Congrats on buying one.

As you had the Bellona print done, assuming it is the 1760 Bellona, have you decided to go with a 74 rather than a 50? Your desire to do the research has sold me on following your build, so my thanks for sharing with us.

Allan
 
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