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Brass Investment Casting Instead of Filing – A Detailed Solution for Complex Small Parts in 1:48 Scale

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Nov 10, 2019
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Not long ago, I received a silicone mold back from the jewelry casting company Bernhard Kauselmann GmbH & Co. KG in Pforzheim, Germany. I had originally commissioned it in 2013 for the gun carriage brackets of the 30-pounder carronades on my model of the French corvette La Créole (1827). The company returns molds if no orders have been placed for over five years – a good reason to revisit this topic and share it as a tip for historical ship modelers.

IMG_1568.jpg

Starting Point
For my 1:48 scale model, I needed 20 pairs of gun carriage brackets for the 30-pounder carronades. To achieve an authentic metallic appearance, I opted for burnished brass. Due to the complex shape, producing all 40 parts by milling and filing was not feasible – only the prototypes were made this way.

The Path to Brass Investment Casting
The idea of using brass investment casting likely came from conversations with experienced modeling colleagues. After some research, I came across the Kauselmann jewelry foundry, which also specializes in precision cast parts for model building. Their pricing was reasonable, and they used the lost-wax casting process:

First, master models were made from brass – one left and one right bracket block

Rohrlage_Karronade_LaCreole.jpg


Silicone molds were then created from these masters and filled with special wax.

IMG_1566.jpg



The wax models served as the basis for the brass castings.

IMG_4552.JPG


Alternative: 3D Printing
In theory, a digital design with 3D printing would have been possible – but at the time, this technology was not yet widespread, and I lacked CAD skills. Since I aim to craft as much as possible myself, I chose the traditional route of handwork and foundry collaboration.


Finished Part on the Model
Here are two photos of the completed 30-pounder carronade of La Créole, of which there were 20 on board.

DSC00518.jpg
DSC00522.jpg

And finally, a comparison image showing the model alongside a historical photo of a real carronade.

IMG_4735sw.jpg

Conclusion
Producing small parts like gun carriage brackets in 1:48 scale demands high precision, careful material selection, and repeatability. Brass investment casting offers a compelling solution: it combines the craftsmanship of creating the master model with professional reproduction technology. For me, it was the ideal way to produce a larger number of complex parts in consistent quality – without giving up the spirit of scratch-building.

I hope this experience report inspires other modelers to explore new approaches when facing similar challenges – whether through casting, 3D printing, or other techniques. What matters most is that the result is convincing – and that the journey brings joy.
 
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Do you know what kind of silicone is used? I am no doubt missing something in this but would like to learn a lot more. I thought brass would not work with silicone as the melt temperature of silicone is low compared to molten brass. Any help you can give would be greatly appreciated. I am at the kindergarten level but would like to learn.
Thank you

Allan
 
@AllanKP69

Hi Allan,
The silicone mold is not used to cast the molten brass directly. It’s only used to create wax models. These wax parts are then embedded in a ceramic shell. After the wax is melted out, the brass is poured into the ceramic mold. So the silicone never comes into contact with the hot metal — it’s just part of the lost-wax casting process. Hope that clears it up!

Let me know if you'd like to make it more technical or more beginner-friendly!
 
The silicone mold is not used to cast the molten brass directly. It’s only used to create wax models. These wax parts are then embedded in a ceramic shell. After the wax is melted out, the brass is poured into the ceramic mold. So the silicone never comes into contact with the hot metal — it’s just part of the lost-wax casting process. Hope that clears it up!
Ahhhhh, that makes total sense. I did find the following regarding the ceramic molds. To make a ceramic lost wax casting mold, you can use a plaster and silica mixture or build a ceramic shell. For a plaster mold, surround your wax model with a plaster/water mix in a flask, let it set, and then bake it to burn out the wax. For a ceramic shell mold, dip the wax model repeatedly into a ceramic slurry (colloidal silica and silica flour), letting each coat dry and dusting it with sand between dips, before firing to harden the shell and burn out the wax
If you could add some additional information on how to make the ceramic mold that would be awesome.
Thanks in advance.
Allan
 
Not long ago, I received a silicone mold back from the jewelry casting company Bernhard Kauselmann GmbH & Co. KG in Pforzheim, Germany. I had originally commissioned it in 2013 for the gun carriage brackets of the 30-pounder carronades on my model of the French corvette La Créole (1827). The company returns molds if no orders have been placed for over five years – a good reason to revisit this topic and share it as a tip for historical ship modelers.

View attachment 556709

Starting Point
For my 1:48 scale model, I needed 20 pairs of gun carriage brackets for the 30-pounder carronades. To achieve an authentic metallic appearance, I opted for burnished brass. Due to the complex shape, producing all 40 parts by milling and filing was not feasible – only the prototypes were made this way.

The Path to Brass Investment Casting
The idea of using brass investment casting likely came from conversations with experienced modeling colleagues. After some research, I came across the Kauselmann jewelry foundry, which also specializes in precision cast parts for model building. Their pricing was reasonable, and they used the lost-wax casting process:

First, master models were made from brass – one left and one right bracket block

View attachment 556711


Silicone molds were then created from these masters and filled with special wax.

View attachment 556708



The wax models served as the basis for the brass castings.

View attachment 556710


Alternative: 3D Printing
In theory, a digital design with 3D printing would have been possible – but at the time, this technology was not yet widespread, and I lacked CAD skills. Since I aim to craft as much as possible myself, I chose the traditional route of handwork and foundry collaboration.


Finished Part on the Model
Here are two photos of the completed 30-pounder carronade of La Créole, of which there were 20 on board.

View attachment 556712
View attachment 556713

And finally, a comparison image showing the model alongside a historical photo of a real carronade.

View attachment 556714

Conclusion
Producing small parts like gun carriage brackets in 1:48 scale demands high precision, careful material selection, and repeatability. Brass investment casting offers a compelling solution: it combines the craftsmanship of creating the master model with professional reproduction technology. For me, it was the ideal way to produce a larger number of complex parts in consistent quality – without giving up the spirit of scratch-building.

I hope this experience report inspires other modelers to explore new approaches when facing similar challenges – whether through casting, 3D printing, or other techniques. What matters most is that the result is convincing – and that the journey brings joy.
Hi Johann,
Beautiful workmanship and a very nice solution with a great result.

Cheers,
Stephen.
 
Beautiful work.
Did you make your master slightly larger to compensate for shrinkage? I will be casting in the future and figuring a percentage seems hit or miss. An enlargement of 2% to 5% larger is what my research has determined.
 
@Paulpk

Hello,
The shrinkage for brass investment castings is between 1.5% and 2%, depending on the alloy and geometry of the parts. In my opinion, this can be disregarded for parts of this size.
Those who want to be even more precise can take the shrinkage into account.
 
Seeing the works of masters and knowing how it was done makes me very humble towards my efforts. That is amazing.
 
I learned of this process back in 80's at craft shop the base hobby shop did. interesting multi-step process for rings and jewelry when no mold was needed as in class we made custom ring and one time casting for training.
 
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